Intergenerational cardiovascular disease risk factors involves both maternal and paternal body mass index.

Objective:

To examine the association between parental BMI and offspring CVD risk factors.

Research design and methods:

The study comprised 940 children (9.5±0.4y) and 873 adolescents (15.5±0.5y). Parental weight and height were reported by the mother and the father, and BMI was calculated. CVD risk factors included total (sum of 5 skinfolds) and central (waist circumference) body fat, blood pressure, cardiorespiratory fitness, insulin sensitivity, total-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and fibrinogen.

Results:

Maternal and paternal BMI were positively associated with total and central fatness in offspring (P<0.001). Both parents BMI were significantly related to fibrinogen levels (P<0.02), but these associations disappeared when controlling for fatness. There was a positive relationship between maternal and paternal BMI and waist circumference in the offspring regardless of total adiposity and height (P<0.001). Maternal BMI was negatively associated with offspring cardiorespiratory fitness independently of fatness (P<0.02).. These relationships persisted when overweight descendants were excluded from the analysis. There were not significant associations between parental BMI and the other CVD risk factors.

Conclusion:

Both maternal and paternal BMI increase CVD risk factors of the offspring characterized by total and central body fat, and higher mother BMI was associated with poorer cardiorespiratory fitness. Our findings give further support to the concept that adiposity in parents transmits susceptibility to CVD risk to descendant, which is detectable even in absence of overweight in offspring.

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